Mangrove ecosystems are recognized as effective blue carbon ecosystems because of their capacity to capture and store atmospheric carbon while providing essential functions, including shoreline protection, habitat for coastal organisms, and maintaining ecosystem stability. Muaragembong, located in Bekasi Regency, West Java, retains extensive mangrove forests despite increasing pressure from land-use conversion and human activities. Updated assessments of its blue carbon potential are required to support conservation and sustainable coastal resource management. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of blue carbon potential in the mangrove ecosystem of Muaragembong and identify environmental factors influencing carbon storage. Sentinel-2 imagery acquired in 2017, 2021, and 2025 was analyzed using the Mangrove Vegetation Index (MVI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Field included Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) for estimating Above Ground Biomass (AGB), canopy cover assessment using hemispherical photography, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Spatial analyses were performed using QGIS and ArcMap, whereas statistical analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and RStudio. Results showed a continuous increase in mangrove extent from 1,474.53 ha in 2017 to 2,258.61 ha in 2025 based on MVI analysis. NDVI indicated that most mangrove vegetation exhibited moderate to dense canopy conditions, supported by canopy cover values ranging from 69.97% to 84.11%. Estimated AGB reached 9,347.23 kg, resulting in a carbon stock of 4,394.60 kg C (439.46 tons C ha⁻¹) and a carbon dioxide sequestration capacity of 16,129.19 kg CO₂. PCA revealed that the first two principal components explained 64.26% of the total variance, with canopy cover, biomass, carbon stock, salinity, temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen identified as the primary variables associated with blue carbon storage. Overall, the mangrove ecosystem remained in good ecological condition and represented an important natural carbon sink, providing evidence for mangrove conservation, restoration, sustainable coastal management, and climate change mitigation.